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Friday, May 10, 2013

NOSE BLEEDING IN CHILDREN (EPISTAXIS)

Epistaxis/Nose bleeds


Nose bleeds(epistaxis) are common in childhood .

Though it is frightening it is easily manageable 

Most common site of bleeding is an area in the anterior part of nasal septum where many blood vessels are meeting.

The mucosa in that area is thin and easily accessible for children for inserting fingers and nose picking

Causes:

Trauma – either fall or hit by others

Nose picking-most common cause

Dry air

Inflammation

Sinusitis/allergic rhinitis

Management:

Mostly bleeding will stop spontaneously in few minutes.

Donot panic on seeing the bleed.

Calm the child

Compress the Nares and ask the child to breathe through mouth

Ask the child to lean forward so that the blood will not enter back in to the throat

If bleeding is profuse apply Oxymetazoline drops

Consult an ENT surgeon who will pack the nose and will arrest the bleeding

Saline nasal drops may be applied to prevent dryness

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